PRE-COLUMBIAN CULTURES - Primitive musical instincts expressed in singing and rhythmic stamping. Drums made of hollow tree trunks and covered with animal skins; scratchers made of notched fruit shells; and shakers, or gourds with dry seed inside.

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Pre-Columbian Cultures time period prior to conquest c.1500 A.D.
Pre-Columbian Cultures has expression primitive musical instincts
Pre-Columbian Cultures used singing
Pre-Columbian Cultures used rhythmic stamping
Pre-Columbian Cultures used primitive drums
Pre-Columbian Cultures used scratchers
Pre-Columbian Cultures used shakers
Pre-Columbian Cultures used 5-tone _pentatonic_ scale
Pre-Columbian Cultures evolution of Latin American Music